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Skip search results from other journals and go to results- 5 JMIR Cardio
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Inclusion criteria
Population: studies that included individuals with a medical diagnosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including arrhythmia, heart failure, valve disease, and cardiomyopathy, as well as studies that included a mixture of patients with CVD and at high CVD risk.
J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e57368
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The high incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an important public health problem worldwide. CVD remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide and a major contributor to disability. CVD was responsible for 18.6 million deaths according to the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study. China is one of the countries most burdened by CVD [1]. In 2021, approximately 5.1 million individuals lost their lives to CVD in China [2].
JMIR Med Inform 2025;13:e63186
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Sixth, the 1-year risk of CVD is calculated as the product of the joint HR and the group-specific annual CVD event rate. Seventh, the 1-year survival is calculated as the exponential of the negative value of the 1-year risk of CVD (eg, a 1-year CVD risk of 0.06 translates to a 1-year survival of exp(–0.06)=0.942).
In the eighth stage, the cumulative survival is calculated as the product of the 1-year survival in year T and the survival in year T–1.
JMIR Cardio 2025;9:e64893
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The leading cause of disease burden across the globe is cardiovascular disease (CVD) [1]. Over the years, CVD prevalence and the number of CVD deaths have increased; in 2019, there were 523 million cases of CVD and 18.6 million deaths due to CVD [1]. CVD mortality is decreasing in most European countries, yet there are still 3.9 million deaths yearly [2,3]. Important behavioral CVD risk factors include smoking, low physical activity, unhealthy diet, and alcohol use [2,4].
JMIR Cardio 2024;8:e47730
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Behavioral risk factors such as an unhealthy diet, heavy alcohol drinking, and physical inactivity lead to increased BMI, plasma glucose, and serum lipids and the development of CVD events [1,9]. Studies have also shown that psychosocial factors, such as anxiety, depression, stress, social isolation, and the lack of social support, can independently influence absolute CVD risk [10,11].
Assessing an individual’s CVD risk is the initial step in the primary prevention of CVDs [12].
JMIR Res Protoc 2024;13:e53517
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One of the most common and serious complications is cardiovascular disease (CVD), which affects more than 30% of all patients with diabetes [3]. Other complications include retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects up to 50% of all patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) [4,5] and is common in patients without diabetes as well. It ranks just below diabetes as the 10th leading global cause of death, resulting in an estimated 1.3 million deaths annually.
JMIR Res Protoc 2024;13:e56067
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It has been well established that lifestyle [17] and health conditions [18] are associated with an increased risk of CVD outcomes, and therefore, the confounding or covariate influences of these factors on the association between social isolation and incident CVD should be considered when estimating the aforementioned association between social isolation and CVD.
JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023;9:e45677
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