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Effects of Missing Data on Heart Rate Variability Measured From A Smartwatch: Exploratory Observational Study

Effects of Missing Data on Heart Rate Variability Measured From A Smartwatch: Exploratory Observational Study

Overwhelmingly, real-world studies have opted to use wrist-worn photoplethysmography sensors to evaluate HRV over other more accurate methods such as chest-worn electrocardiogram (ECG) sensors, likely improving patient compliance in these studies. As a result, we must determine how to best assess data from wrist-worn photoplethysmography sensors, including accounting for missing data and assessing data validity compared with ECG HRV data.

Hope Davis-Wilson, Meghan Hegarty-Craver, Pooja Gaur, Matthew Boyce, Jonathan R Holt, Edward Preble, Randall Eckhoff, Lei Li, Howard Walls, David Dausch, Dorota Temple

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e53645

Wearable Electrocardiogram Technology: Help or Hindrance to the Modern Doctor?

Wearable Electrocardiogram Technology: Help or Hindrance to the Modern Doctor?

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the most commonly obtained test results in medical practice [1,2]. By measuring the electrical activity of the heart, an ECG can indicate cardiac arrhythmias and structural defects, respiratory disease, electrolyte disturbances, and even noncardiac events such as subarachnoid hemorrhage [1].

Samuel Smith, Shalisa Maisrikrod

JMIR Cardio 2025;9:e62719

Comparative Evaluation of Consumer Wearable Devices for Atrial Fibrillation Detection: Validation Study

Comparative Evaluation of Consumer Wearable Devices for Atrial Fibrillation Detection: Validation Study

Kardia Mobile 6 L (Alive Cor Inc, Mountain View, CA) and a smartwatch, Apple Watch (Apple Inc, Cupertino, CA), were used to derive a single-lead ECG of 30 seconds. A lead-1 ECG was recorded using Kardia Mobile 6 L by positioning the device on the left knee with both thumbs on the device’s front electrodes [17]. To capture a lead-1 ECG using the Apple Watch, the participant wore the watch on the left wrist, ensuring skin contact with the electrode on the watch’s underside.

Femke Wouters, Henri Gruwez, Christophe Smeets, Anessa Pijalovic, Wouter Wilms, Julie Vranken, Zoë Pieters, Hugo Van Herendael, Dieter Nuyens, Maximo Rivero-Ayerza, Pieter Vandervoort, Peter Haemers, Laurent Pison

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e65139

The Role of Machine Learning in the Detection of Cardiac Fibrosis in Electrocardiograms: Scoping Review

The Role of Machine Learning in the Detection of Cardiac Fibrosis in Electrocardiograms: Scoping Review

The data sources included the University Hospital Southampton (154 records, 108 with fibrosis), the PTB Diagnostic ECG Database (54 patients, 50 with fibrosis), and additional healthy controls from the PTB database (52 patients without fibrosis and CMR data) [53,54]. Preprocessing involved ECG transformation to VCG where applicable, ECG baseline removal, and wave boundary determination [55,56]. Feature selection initially included 9 features from all 3 planes of the VCG.

Julia Handra, Hannah James, Ashery Mbilinyi, Ashley Moller-Hansen, Callum O'Riley, Jason Andrade, Marc Deyell, Cameron Hague, Nathaniel Hawkins, Kendall Ho, Ricky Hu, Jonathon Leipsic, Roger Tam

JMIR Cardio 2024;8:e60697

Multimodal ChatGPT-4V for Electrocardiogram Interpretation: Promise and Limitations

Multimodal ChatGPT-4V for Electrocardiogram Interpretation: Promise and Limitations

Electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation is an essential skill in cardiovascular medicine. The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) has led to many attempts to automate ECG interpretations [1]. As a representative of generative AI, Chat GPT has shown promising potential in cardiovascular medicine [2,3]. However, since early versions of Chat GPT cannot process graphical information, its ability for ECG interpretation is unclear.

Lingxuan Zhu, Weiming Mou, Keren Wu, Yancheng Lai, Anqi Lin, Tao Yang, Jian Zhang, Peng Luo

J Med Internet Res 2024;26:e54607

Mobile Electrocardiograms in the Detection of Subclinical Atrial Fibrillation in High-Risk Outpatient Populations: Protocol for an Observational Study

Mobile Electrocardiograms in the Detection of Subclinical Atrial Fibrillation in High-Risk Outpatient Populations: Protocol for an Observational Study

A 2018 study published in the Journal of Arrhythmias reviewed portable out-of-hospital ECG devices [22,23]. Of the devices that they reviewed, Alive Cor’s Kardia Mobile device was determined to be accurate in measuring QTC wave intervals on ECG and was found to have a sensitivity of 98.5% and a specificity of 91.4% in pharmacy patients older than 65 years [24,25].

Ajay Mittal, Yasmine Elkaldi, Susana Shih, Riken Nathu, Mark Segal

JMIR Res Protoc 2024;13:e52647

Diagnostic Accuracy of Single-Lead Electrocardiograms Using the Kardia Mobile App and the Apple Watch 4: Validation Study

Diagnostic Accuracy of Single-Lead Electrocardiograms Using the Kardia Mobile App and the Apple Watch 4: Validation Study

Any cardiac arrhythmia can be detected by ECG diagnostics, and consequently, suitable and timely treatment by a doctor can prevent a stroke. As stated, affordable compact devices for recording a single-lead ECG at home entered the market recently [6]. Unlike the conventional ECG, a diagnosis is no longer dependent on the symptoms to occur at the time of measurement in a doctor’s office.

Kristina Klier, Lucas Koch, Lisa Graf, Timo Schinköthe, Annette Schmidt

JMIR Cardio 2023;7:e50701