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Prediction of Reactivation After Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Monotherapy for Retinopathy of Prematurity: Multimodal Machine Learning Model Study

Prediction of Reactivation After Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Monotherapy for Retinopathy of Prematurity: Multimodal Machine Learning Model Study

Prediction models that can identify infants with a high risk of ROP reactivation are needed in clinical practice. Artificial intelligence has recently optimized medical practice [15-17]. Artificial intelligence has been mainly applied to ROP diagnosis and prediction based on imaging [17-19]. To our knowledge, studies on ROP reactivation after treatment are very limited, and there is no successful prediction model for clinical application.

Rong Wu, Yu Zhang, Peijie Huang, Yiying Xie, Jianxun Wang, Shuangyong Wang, Qiuxia Lin, Yichen Bai, Songfu Feng, Nian Cai, Xiaohe Lu

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e60367

Effect of Uncertainty-Aware AI Models on Pharmacists’ Reaction Time and Decision-Making in a Web-Based Mock Medication Verification Task: Randomized Controlled Trial

Effect of Uncertainty-Aware AI Models on Pharmacists’ Reaction Time and Decision-Making in a Web-Based Mock Medication Verification Task: Randomized Controlled Trial

Uncertainty-aware AI models present the model’s uncertainty, or confidence in its decision, alongside its prediction [11], thus providing a metric for the user to assess the AI’s reliability [12]. CDSS reliability is an essential component of human evaluation of AI’s trustworthiness which determines the user’s acceptability of a technology [7].

Corey Lester, Brigid Rowell, Yifan Zheng, Zoe Co, Vincent Marshall, Jin Yong Kim, Qiyuan Chen, Raed Kontar, X Jessie Yang

JMIR Med Inform 2025;13:e64902

Oxidative Stress Markers and Prediction of Severity With a Machine Learning Approach in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 and Severe Lung Disease: Observational, Retrospective, Single-Center Feasibility Study

Oxidative Stress Markers and Prediction of Severity With a Machine Learning Approach in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 and Severe Lung Disease: Observational, Retrospective, Single-Center Feasibility Study

However, clusters of evidence are emerging from the recent literature showing that levels of biomarkers of oxidative damage in biological fluids can be used for the prediction of measured concentrations of a limited number of exogenous and endogenous antioxidants [23]. Since March 2020, our health care and medical team began to hypothesize that antioxidant supplementation for patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) could improve their prognosis.

Olivier Raspado, Michel Brack, Olivier Brack, Mélanie Vivancos, Aurélie Esparcieux, Emmanuelle Cart-Tanneur, Abdellah Aouifi

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e66509

Artificial Intelligence-Driven Biological Age Prediction Model Using Comprehensive Health Checkup Data: Development and Validation Study

Artificial Intelligence-Driven Biological Age Prediction Model Using Comprehensive Health Checkup Data: Development and Validation Study

Current biological age prediction models, primarily based on conventional statistical methods such as multivariate regression analysis, rely on limited clinical data, restricting their predictive power and insights into the aging process [5-8]. Recent advances have led to models using omics data [9], including DNA methylation [10], transcriptome [11], metabolome [12], and telomere data [9].

Chang-Uk Jeong, Jacob S Leiby, Dokyoon Kim, Eun Kyung Choe

JMIR Aging 2025;8:e64473

Comparison of Deep Learning Approaches Using Chest Radiographs for Predicting Clinical Deterioration: Retrospective Observational Study

Comparison of Deep Learning Approaches Using Chest Radiographs for Predicting Clinical Deterioration: Retrospective Observational Study

Current EWS rely on structured data, such as vital signs and laboratory values, to predict clinical deterioration and ignore other data modalities that could potentially enhance prediction accuracy [7]. This results in lower detection and higher false-positive rates for these scores that could be mitigated by incorporating additional modalities [8].

Mahmudur Rahman, Jifan Gao, Kyle A Carey, Dana P Edelson, Askar Afshar, John W Garrett, Guanhua Chen, Majid Afshar, Matthew M Churpek

JMIR AI 2025;4:e67144

Support of Home-Based Structured Walking Training and Prediction of the 6-Minute Walk Test Distance in Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease Based on Telehealth Data: Prospective Cohort Study

Support of Home-Based Structured Walking Training and Prediction of the 6-Minute Walk Test Distance in Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease Based on Telehealth Data: Prospective Cohort Study

It is expected that such a prediction could help to achieve a more patient-specific therapeutic regime, tailored exercise support, and expectation management. However, currently, there is no evidence to support this hypothesis. This work takes an in-depth look at the telehealth data recorded during the Keep Pace study [20] by focusing on analyzing trends in patient-reported timeseries data.

Fabian Wiesmüller, Andreas Prenner, Andreas Ziegl, Gihan El-Moazen, Robert Modre-Osprian, Martin Baumgartner, Marianne Brodmann, Gerald Seinost, Günther Silbernagel, Günter Schreier, Dieter Hayn

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e65721

Multilevel Factors and Indicators of Atypical Neurodevelopment During Early Infancy in Japan: Prospective, Longitudinal, Observational Study

Multilevel Factors and Indicators of Atypical Neurodevelopment During Early Infancy in Japan: Prospective, Longitudinal, Observational Study

For the decision plotting that simulates the M-CHAT prediction pathway of each sample using SHAP, we specifically used samples with higher M-CHAT scores (M-CHAT scores 2‐4) within the M-CHAT positive group to focus on cases that might represent early developmental concerns. Data analysis was performed using the open-source software R (version 4.1.2) and Python (version 3.8.5; Python Software Foundation). The correlation analysis results were visualized using Cytoscape (version 3.9.1; Cytoscape Consortium).

Daigo Kato, Akiko Okuno, Tetsuo Ishikawa, Shoji Itakura, Shinji Oguchi, Yoshiyuki Kasahara, Kenji Kanenishi, Yuzo Kitadai, Yoshitaka Kimura, Naoki Shimojo, Kazushige Nakahara, Akiko Hanai, Hiromichi Hamada, Haruta Mogami, Seiichi Morokuma, Kazuhiro Sakurada, Yukuo Konishi, Eiryo Kawakami

JMIR Pediatr Parent 2025;8:e58337

Machine Learning Models for Frailty Classification of Older Adults in Northern Thailand: Model Development and Validation Study

Machine Learning Models for Frailty Classification of Older Adults in Northern Thailand: Model Development and Validation Study

To further explain model performance, we also created model calibration plots and calculated secondary metrics of prediction models, including the confusion matrix and specificity, sensitivity, and predictive values. There was only missing data in participants' age in the internal validation dataset (4/2228, 0.18%); therefore, a complete case analysis was performed on the dataset.

Natthanaphop Isaradech, Wachiranun Sirikul, Nida Buawangpong, Penprapa Siviroj, Amornphat Kitro

JMIR Aging 2025;8:e62942