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Wearable Artificial Intelligence for Sleep Disorders: Scoping Review

Wearable Artificial Intelligence for Sleep Disorders: Scoping Review

The majority of studies (42/46, 91%) focused on sleep apnea. Multimedia Appendix 4 provides the characteristics of each included study. Characteristics of the included studies (N=46). a Other includes the total number of studies where a feature was added as one. b N/A: not applicable. c Not any specific disorder, but in general, all characteristics considered for any specific disorder, such as breathing events, apnea, irregular breathing, snoring, and obstructive sleep apnea.

Sarah Aziz, Amal A M Ali, Hania Aslam, Alaa A Abd-alrazaq, Rawan AlSaad, Mohannad Alajlani, Reham Ahmad, Laila Khalil, Arfan Ahmed, Javaid Sheikh

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e65272

Enhancing Adherence to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Using Augmented Reality: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Enhancing Adherence to Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Using Augmented Reality: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by repetitive episodes of upper airway obstruction during sleep, which results in low oxygen saturation or frequent awakenings [1]. It has been associated with significant health risks, including cardiovascular diseases [2], cognitive impairment [3], and decreased quality of life [4].

Ming-Che Chen, Yen-Chin Chen, Cheng-Yu Lin

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e69757

Characterization and Evaluation of Department of Veterans Affairs Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities–Accredited Interdisciplinary Pain Rehabilitation Programs: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Program Evaluation

Characterization and Evaluation of Department of Veterans Affairs Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities–Accredited Interdisciplinary Pain Rehabilitation Programs: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Program Evaluation

In an effort to manage chronic pain, some veterans become reliant on prescription opioids [8,9], which have numerous unintended health consequences such as increased risk of sleep-disordered breathing, cardiovascular complication, and bowel dysfunction, as well as opioid misuse and overdose [10-13]. In recent years, there has been increased attention on low-risk interdisciplinary treatment options for chronic pain management in the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) system [14].

Jolie N Haun, Christopher A Fowler, Dustin D French, Megan C McHugh, Jacquelyn N Heuer, Lisa M Ballistrea, Rachel C Benzinger, S Angel Klanchar, Friedhelm Sandbrink, Jennifer L Murphy

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e72091

Effectiveness and Mechanisms of a Digital Mindfulness–Based Intervention for Subthreshold to Clinical Insomnia Symptoms in Pregnant Women: Randomized Controlled Trial

Effectiveness and Mechanisms of a Digital Mindfulness–Based Intervention for Subthreshold to Clinical Insomnia Symptoms in Pregnant Women: Randomized Controlled Trial

(eg, benzodiazepines, melatonin, or herbal supplements) Self-reported prepregnancy or current diagnosis of sleep disorders (eg, obstructive sleep apnea, periodic limb movement disorder, restless legs syndrome, or nightmare disorder) Current shift work or night work Suspected severe depressive symptoms (a score of ≥19 on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [EPDS]) Active suicidality (a score of ≥2 on the 10th item of EPDS, indicating that the thoughts of harming themselves occur sometimes or quite often

Juan Wang, Qiuhong Yang, Naixue Cui, Liuliu Wu, Xuan Zhang, Yaoyao Sun, Yongqi Huang, Fenglin Cao

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e68084

Current Technological Advances in Dysphagia Screening: Systematic Scoping Review

Current Technological Advances in Dysphagia Screening: Systematic Scoping Review

This method provided insights into the respiratory-swallowing coordination, laryngeal closure timing, risk of aspiration, and dysphagic compensatory mechanisms such as prolonged swallow apnea [60,61]. Conversely, EMG studies primarily focused on the infrahyoid muscle [50,51] and suprahyoid muscle groups [48,50,51], including the mylohyoid and geniohyoid muscles.

Duo Wai-Chi Wong, Jiao Wang, Sophia Ming-Yan Cheung, Derek Ka-Hei Lai, Armstrong Tat-San Chiu, Dai Pu, James Chung-Wai Cheung, Timothy Chi-Yui Kwok

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e65551

Multimodal Visualization and Explainable Machine Learning–Driven Markers Enable Early Identification and Prognosis Prediction for Symptomatic Aortic Stenosis and Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Multicenter Cohort Study

Multimodal Visualization and Explainable Machine Learning–Driven Markers Enable Early Identification and Prognosis Prediction for Symptomatic Aortic Stenosis and Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Multicenter Cohort Study

longitudinal prediction for cardiac and cerebrovascular events following initial diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome Multimodal prognostic model for predicting chronic coronary artery disease in patients without obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Jun Wang, Jiajun Zhu, Hui Li, Shili Wu, Siyang Li, Zhuoya Yao, Tongjian Zhu, Bi Tang, Shengxing Tang, Jinjun Liu

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e70587

Perceptions of the Use of Mobile Apps to Assess Sleep-Dependent Memory in Older Adults With Subjective and Objective Cognitive Impairment: Focus Group Approach

Perceptions of the Use of Mobile Apps to Assess Sleep-Dependent Memory in Older Adults With Subjective and Objective Cognitive Impairment: Focus Group Approach

In this study, poorer SDM was linked to having greater sleep apnea severity for older adults without MCI. In contrast, for those with MCI, poorer performance was associated with decreased sleep spindle duration and smaller hippocampal subfield size. As various age-related sleep changes occur both naturally [7] and with neurodegenerative diseases [8,9], it is crucial to understand how these alterations impact SDM.

Aaron Lam, Simone Simonetti, Angela D'Rozario, David Ireland, DanaKai Bradford, Jurgen Fripp, Sharon L Naismith

JMIR Aging 2025;8:e68147

Vital Sign and Biochemical Data Collection Using Non-contact Photoplethysmography and the Comestai Mobile Health App: Protocol for an Observational Study

Vital Sign and Biochemical Data Collection Using Non-contact Photoplethysmography and the Comestai Mobile Health App: Protocol for an Observational Study

According to reports, photoplethysmography wearables have significant potential for estimating the risk of cardiovascular diseases [28], predicting suspected sleep apnea [29,30], and helping in the clinical diagnosis of hypertension [31] and diabetes. This potential can be harnessed through app solutions.

Gianvincenzo Zuccotti, Paolo Osvaldo Agnelli, Lucia Labati, Erika Cordaro, Davide Braghieri, Simone Balconi, Marco Xodo, Fabrizio Losurdo, Cesare Celeste Federico Berra, Roberto Franco Enrico Pedretti, Paolo Fiorina, Sergio Maria De Pasquale, Valeria Calcaterra

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e65229

Association Between Sleep Duration and Cognitive Frailty in Older Chinese Adults: Prospective Cohort Study

Association Between Sleep Duration and Cognitive Frailty in Older Chinese Adults: Prospective Cohort Study

Disturbed sleep patterns, such as an increased number of awakenings, abnormal nighttime sleep duration, and poorer sleep quality, are common among older adults [8]. Numerous epidemiological studies identified sleep disturbances as risk factors for physical frailty and cognitive impairment, such as shorter or longer sleep duration, insomnia, and sleep apnea [9,10]. In addition, recent studies have linked long sleep duration to cognitive frailty, but they are from cross-sectional analyses [11,12].

Ruixue Cai, Jianqian Chao, Chenlu Gao, Lei Gao, Kun Hu, Peng Li

JMIR Aging 2025;8:e65183