Machine Learning Model for Predicting Coronary Heart Disease Risk: Development and Validation Using Insights From a Japanese Population–Based Study

Thien Vu   ^{1, 2, 3} , MD, PhD ;   Yoshihiro Kokubo   ⁴ , MD, PhD ;   Mai Inoue   ¹ , ME ;   Masaki Yamamoto   ¹ , BE ;   Attayeb Mohsen   ^{1, 5} , MD, PhD ;   Agustin Martin-Morales   ¹ , PhD ;   Research Dawadi   ¹ , PhD ;   Takao Inoue   ^{1, 6} , PhD ;   Jie Ting Tay   ¹ , MRES ;   Mari Yoshizaki   ¹ , PhD ;   Naoki Watanabe   ¹ , PhD ;   Yuki Kuriya   ¹ , PhD ;   Chisa Matsumoto   ^{4, 7} , MD, PhD ;   Ahmed Arafa   ^{4, 8} , MD, PhD ;   Yoko M Nakao   ⁴ , MD, PhD ;   Yuka Kato   ^{4, 9} , MD, PhD ;   Masayuki Teramoto   ⁴ , MD, MPH ;   Michihiro Araki   ^{1, 10, 11} , PhD

¹ Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan

² NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Otsu, Japan

³ Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

⁴ Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan

⁵ Libyan Centre for Dental Research, Zliten, Libya

⁶ Faculty of Informatics, Yamato University, Osaka, Japan

⁷ Department of Cardiology, Center for Health Surveillance and Preventive Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

⁸ Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt

⁹ Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan

¹⁰ Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

¹¹ Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan