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Published on in Vol 10 (2026)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/86621, first published .
Man checks smartwatch displaying EKG, connected to a glowing heart and monitor.

Generation of 12-Lead Electrocardiogram Using Smartwatches in Patients With Cardiac Conditions: Clinical Validation Study

Generation of 12-Lead Electrocardiogram Using Smartwatches in Patients With Cardiac Conditions: Clinical Validation Study

Mauro Buelga Suárez   1, 2, 3 , MSN ;   Carmen Plaza-Seco   4 , PhD ;   Roberto Matía Francés   1, 3 , MD, PhD ;   Gonzalo Luis Alonso Salinas   5, 6, 7 , MD, PhD ;   Manuel Blanco-Velasco   4 , PhD

1 Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain

2 Medicine and Health Sciences Department, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain

3 Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain

4 Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain

5 Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Publica de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain

6 Health Sciences Department, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain

7 Navarrabiomed (Miguel Servet Foundation), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain

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